Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants

Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants

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Cost: $FREE
Course Type: Online
Approximate Length: 1 hour

Welcome to training on Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants, provided by the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) and Health and Human Services Commission (HHSC).

Sample Clinical Case

A mother comes to you with her 6-month-old son for his checkup. She reports that he has begun spitting up with almost every feeding. The mother looks exhausted and says that her son cries all the time and has begun "this wheezing sound when he breathes." A look at his chart shows that his weight gain has slowed dramatically since his 3-month checkup. Upon examination, the child seems to have lost a lot of his roundness from his 3-month checkup – this does not appear to simply be a be "catching down."

Does this patient have symptoms consistent with GERD that would require a referral to gastroenterology? Please choose your answer:

Goal

The goal of this module is to educate Texas Health Steps (THSteps) providers and others about how to evaluate and treat infants who present with Gastroesophageal Reflux in a primary care setting, and when to refer for subspecialty care.

Target Audience

Texas Health Steps providers and others, including Physicians, Physician Assistants, Nurses, and Nurse Practitioners.

Specific Learning Objectives

After completing the activities of this module, you will be able to:

  1. Identify the definition of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
  2. Indicate five presenting symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux.
  3. Indicate five respiratory symptoms that may be attributable to GERD.
  4. Identify the usual natural history of GERD in infants.
  5. Indicate one dietary indicator that may contribute to gastroesophageal reflux symptoms.
  6. Choose the negative consequence of restricting feeding volumes to reduce vomiting.
  7. Select five atypical features or alarm symptoms to evaluate in the presence of vomiting.
  8. Select a cause of irritability in relation to gastroesophageal reflux.
  9. Choose a congenital condition that may aggravate gastroesophageal reflux.
  10. Choose one common clinical error in testing for gastroesophageal reflux.
  11. Identify the “gold standard” for quantifying gastroesophageal reflux.
  12. Identify three therapeutic interventions indicated for an infant with excessive symptoms.
  13. Identify three medications used to treat gastroesophageal reflux.
  14. Select at least one situation in which it would be appropriate to refer to a pediatric gastroenterologist for evaluation and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux.

External links in this course are current as of 9/2009. These links may be bookmarked for future reference.

Please note this module expires in 12/18/2010.

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Lessons

Enroll in this course to access the lessons below. If you don't have an account, register and then login.

  • Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants: Pre-Test
  • Section 1: Definition and Presentation
  • Section 2: Evaluation of Symptoms
  • Section 3: Diagnostic Testing
  • Section 4: Treatment
  • Section 5: When to Refer
  • Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants: Post-Test
  • Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants: Course Evaluation

Certificates

This module includes a pre- and post-test. Both tests need to be completed for you to receive a certificate of completion, and you must score a 75% on the post-test to pass. After you complete the post-test, you will be asked to evaluate your training experience, and you will be provided with information about securing continuing education credit. Click below for your certificate.

Disclosure Statements

One of the requirements of continuing education is disclosure of the following information to the learner:

  1. Notice of requirements for successful completion of continuing education activity. To receive continuing education credit the learner must successfully complete the following activities:
    1. Create a Texas Health Steps account.
    2. Complete on-line registration process.
    3. Thoroughly read the content of the module.
    4. Complete the on-line examination.
    5. Complete the evaluation.
  2. Commercial Support.
    The THSTEPS Web-based Continuing Education Series has received no commercial support.
  3. Disclosure of Conflict of Interest.
    Using a disclosure review process, the THSTEPS Continuing Education Planning Committee has examined documents and has concluded that neither planning committee members nor the authors of these modules have a conflict of interest.
  4. Non-Endorsement Statement.
    Accredited status does not imply endorsement by the Department of State Health Services, Continuing Education Service or the American Nurses Credentialing Center of any commercial products displayed in conjunction with an activity.
  5. Off-Label Use.
    Using a disclosure review process, the THSTEPS Continuing Education Planning Committee has examined documents and has concluded that the authors of these modules have not included content that discusses off-label use (use of products for a purpose other than that for which they were approved by the Food and Drug Administration).

The following are policies and definitions of terms related to continuing education disclosure:

The intent of disclosure is to allow Department of State Health Services (DSHS) Continuing Education Service the opportunity to resolve any potential conflicts of interest to assure balance, independence, objectivity and scientific rigor in all of its Continuing Education activities.

All faculty, planners, speakers and authors of Department of State Health Services (DSHS) Continuing Education Service sponsored activities are expected to disclose to the Department of State Health Services (DSHS) Continuing Education Service any relevant financial, relationships with any commercial or personal interest that produces health care goods or services concerned with the content of an educational presentation. Faculty, planners, speakers and authors must also disclose where there are any other potentially biasing relationships of a professional or personal nature.

↓ Disclosure: Glossary of Terms

Conflict of Interest – Circumstances create a conflict of interest when an individual has an opportunity to affect Continuing Education content about products or services of a commercial interest with which she/he has a financial relationship or where there are any other potentially biasing relationships of a professional or personal nature.

Commercial Interest – Any entity producing, marketing, re-selling, or distributing health care goods or services consumed by, or used on, patients.

Financial Relationships – Those relationships in which the individual benefits by receiving a salary, royalty, intellectual property rights, consulting fee, honoraria, ownership interest (e.g., stocks, stock options or other ownership interest, excluding diversified mutual funds), or other financial benefit. Financial benefits are usually associated with roles such as employment, management position, independent contractor (including contracted research), consulting, teaching, membership on advisory committees or review panels, board membership, and other activities for which remuneration is received or expected. Relevant financial relationships would include those within the past 12 months of the person involved in the activity and a spouse or partner. Relevant financial relationships of your spouse or partner are those of which you are aware at the time of this disclosure.

Off Label – Using products for a purpose other that that for which it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

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