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Bai, D., Yip, B. H. K., Windham, G.C., et al. (2019). Association of Genetic and Environmental Factors with Autism in a 5-Country Cohort. JAMA Psychiatry. 2019 Jul 17.

Bailey, C. (2021). Mood Disorders and ASD: What not to miss. The Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. DOI: 10.13056/acamh.15119.

Baio, J., Wiggins, L., Christensen, D. L., et al. (2018). Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder among Children Aged 8 Years - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2014. MMWR Surveillance Summary. 67(6):1–23.

Bridgemohan, C., Kaufman, B., Johnson, D.M., Shulman, L.H., & Zuckerman, K.E. (2019). Caring for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Practical Resource Toolkit for Clinicians, 3rd edition. American Academy of Pediatrics.

Carbone, P., Campbell, K., Wilkes, J., Stoddard, G., et al. (2020). Primary Care Autism Screening and Later Autism Diagnosis. (2020). Pediatrics. 146 (2): e20192314.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Study to Explore Early Development (SEED).

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Learn the Signs. Act Early. Developmental Milestones.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). What Is Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Signs and Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute. Center for Autism Research (CAR) Autism Roadmap

Croen, L.A., Qian, Y., Ashwood, P., Zerbo, O., et al. (2019). Infection and Fever in Pregnancy and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Findings from the Study to Explore Early Development. Autism Res. 2019 Oct;12(10):1551-1561. doi: 10.1002/aur.2175. Epub 2019 Jul 17. PMID: 31317667; PMCID: PMC7784630.

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Definitions

The medical definitions in this module were obtained or adapted from the American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Autism Awareness Center, Autism Speaks, Boston Children’s Hospital, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute Center for Autism Research, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Fragile X Foundation, Mayo Clinic, National Institutes of Health, U.S. National Library of Medicine and WebMD.

Continuing Medical Education

The Texas Department of State Health Services, Continuing Education Service is accredited by the Texas Medical Association to provide continuing medical education for physicians. 

The Texas Department of State Health Services, Continuing Education Service designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Continuing Nursing Education

The Texas Department of State Health Services, Continuing Education Service is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center’s Commission on Accreditation. The Texas Department of State Health Services, Continuing Education Service has awarded 1.00 contact hour(s) of Continuing Nursing Education.

Social Workers

The Texas Department of State Health Services, Continuing Education Service under sponsor number CS3065 has been approved by the Texas State Board of Social Worker Examiners to offer continuing education contact hours to social workers. The approved status of The Texas Department of State Health Services, Continuing Education Service expires annually on December 31. The Texas Department of State Health Services, Continuing Education Service has awarded 1.00 contact hour(s) of Continuing Social Work Education.

Certified Health Education Specialists

Sponsored by The Texas Department of State Health Services, Continuing Education Service, a designated provider of continuing education contact hours (CECH) in health education by the National Commission for Health Education Credentialing, Inc. This program is designated for Certified Health Education Specialists (CHES) and/or Master Certified Health Education Specialists (MCHES) to receive up to 1.00 total entry-level Category I contact education contact hours.

Certificate of Attendance

The Texas Department of State Health Services, Continuing Education Service has designated 1.00 hour(s) for attendance.

Disclosure - ASD

One of the requirements of continuing education is disclosure of the following information to the learner:

1. Notice of requirements for successful completion of continuing education activity. To receive continuing education credit the learner must successfully complete the following activities:
   • Create a Texas Health Steps account.
   • Complete on-line registration process.
   • Thoroughly read the content of the module.
   • Complete the on-line examination.
   • Complete the evaluation.
2. Commercial Support.
   The THSTEPS Web-based Continuing Education Series has received no commercial support.
3. Disclosure of Relevant Financial Relationships.
   The THSTEPS Continuing Education Planning Committee has the following relevant financial relationships to disclose:
   • Anne Marie Hain - Physician - Spouse of employee (Paul Hain) of a commercial interest organization - Chief Medical Officer, Senior Vice President, Blue Cross Blue Shield Texas.
4. Non-Endorsement Statement.
   Accredited status does not imply endorsement of any commercial products or services by the Department of State Health Services, Continuing Education Service; Texas Medical Association; or American Nurse Credentialing Center.
5. Off-Label Use.
   Using a disclosure review process, the THSTEPS Continuing Education Planning Committee has examined documents and has concluded that the authors of these modules have not included content that discusses off-label use (use of products for a purpose other than that for which they were approved by the Food and Drug Administration).

The following are policies and definitions of terms related to continuing education disclosure:

The intent of disclosure is to allow Department of State Health Services (DSHS) Continuing Education Service the opportunity to resolve any potential conflicts of interest to assure balance, independence, objectivity and scientific rigor in all of its Continuing Education activities.

All faculty, planners, speakers and authors of Department of State Health Services (DSHS) Continuing Education Service sponsored activities are expected to disclose to the Department of State Health Services (DSHS) Continuing Education Service any relevant financial, relationships with any commercial or personal interest that produces health care goods or services concerned with the content of an educational presentation. Faculty, planners, speakers and authors must also disclose where there are any other potentially biasing relationships of a professional or personal nature.

Glossary of Terms

Conflict of Interest: Circumstances create a conflict of interest when an individual has an opportunity to affect Continuing Education content about products or services of a commercial interest with which she/he has a financial relationship or where there are any other potentially biasing relationships of a professional or personal nature.

Commercial Interest: Any entity producing, marketing, re-selling, or distributing health care goods or services consumed by, or used on, patients.

Financial Relationships: Those relationships in which the individual benefits by receiving a salary, royalty, intellectual property rights, consulting fee, honoraria, ownership interest (e.g., stocks, stock options or other ownership interest, excluding diversified mutual funds), or other financial benefit. Financial benefits are usually associated with roles such as employment, management position, independent contractor (including contracted research), consulting, teaching, membership on advisory committees or review panels, board membership, and other activities for which remuneration is received or expected. Relevant financial relationships would include those within the past 12 months of the person involved in the activity and a spouse or partner. Relevant financial relationships of your spouse or partner are those of which you are aware at the time of this disclosure.

Off Label: Using products for a purpose other that that for which it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

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